Mbiri ya chitukuko cha kuwala zitsulo Villa kunyumba ndi kunja

Posachedwapa, msika wa nyumba unawomba kuphulika kwa "mphepo ya villa yachitsulo chopepuka", chinthu chatsopanochi chachititsa kuti anthu ambiri azimvetsera.Nyumba yopepuka yachitsulo idawonekera ku China m'ma 1990.Masiku ano, teknoloji yomanga zitsulo ndi yokhwima, yolimbikitsidwa ndi dziko, ndipo yalowa m'masomphenya a anthu.Ndiye maiko otukuka akunja amamanga bwanji nyumba?Chifukwa cha kulimbikitsa chidziwitso cha chilengedwe ndi kusowa kwa nkhuni ndi zinthu zina, mayiko ambiri monga United States, Japan, Britain, Australia, akulimbikitsa kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito ndi chitukuko cha nyumba zachitsulo zotsika.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1960, dziko la Australia linapereka lingaliro la "kukhazikitsa mwamsanga nyumba zowonongeka", koma chifukwa chakuti msika sunakhwime, sunapangidwe bwino.Mu 1987, zida zamphamvu zozizira zokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala zidawonekera, ndipo mawonekedwe olumikizana a Australia ndi New Zealand, monga / nzs4600 chitsulo chozizira chopangidwa ndi chitsulo, adatulutsidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu 1996. Chitsulo chamtunduwu chimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri.Poyerekeza ndi mphamvu yonyamulira matabwa, ndi 1/3 yokha ya kulemera kwa nkhuni.Pamwamba pake ndi malata.Popanda kukonzanso, kulimba kumatha kufika zaka 75.

Nyumba zachitsulo zopepuka zikukulirakulira kwambiri ku United States.Mu 1965 nyumba zazing'ono zachitsulo zinali 15% yokha ya msika womanga ku United States;Mu 1990 chinakwera kufika pa 53 peresenti, pamene mu 1993 chinakwera kufika pa 68 peresenti ndipo pofika 2000 chinakwera kufika pa 75 peresenti.The standardization, serialization, specialization, malonda ndi chikhalidwe cha zigawo zogona ndi zigawo zake pafupifupi 100%.Kubwereketsa kwa makina osiyanasiyana omanga, zida ndi zida kumapangidwa kwambiri, ndipo digiri yamalonda imafika 40%.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, kumangidwa kwachitsulo chopepuka ndi chitsulo chozizira ndi njira yatsopano yomanga yomwe ikukula mwachangu ku Europe ndi America.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'ma villas, nyumba, malo owoneka bwino, makalabu aofesi, masukulu, zipatala, nyumba zamalonda ndi zina zotero.Mu Australia, pafupifupi $600 miliyoni kuwala zitsulo keel detached nyumba amamangidwa chaka chilichonse 120,000, mlandu pafupifupi 24% ya mtengo wa ntchito yomanga zonse mu Australia;Ku America chiwerengero cha nyumba zomangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito dongosololi chinalumpha kuchokera ku 55,000 pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1990 kufika ku 325,000 mu 2000. Pakalipano, mtundu uwu wa nyumba yachitsulo yopepuka yakhala mawonekedwe akuluakulu omangamanga m'mayiko otukuka.