Kuyamba kwa oriented strand board

Kuyamba kwa oriented strand board

Oriented strand board

Oriented strand board (OSB) ndi mtundu wa matabwa opangidwa ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono, opangidwa powonjezera zomatira kenako ndikumangirira zigawo zamitengo yamitengo (flakes) molunjika.Linapangidwa ndi Armin Elmendorf ku California mu 1963.[1]OSB ikhoza kukhala ndi malo owoneka bwino komanso osiyanasiyana okhala ndi mizere yozungulira 2.5 cm × 15 cm (1.0 x 5.9 mainchesi), yogona mosagwirizana wina ndi mzake, ndipo amapangidwa mumitundu ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana.

Ntchito
OSB ndi chinthu chokhala ndi makina abwino omwe amachipangitsa kukhala choyenera kwambiri pakunyamula katundu pomanga.[2]Tsopano ndi wotchuka kwambiri kuposa plywood, kulamula 66% ya North America structural panel msika.[3]Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimakhala ngati zokhotakhota m'makoma, pansi, ndi padenga.Kwa kunja kwa khoma ntchito, mapanelo zilipo ndi kuwala-chotchinga wosanjikiza laminated mbali imodzi;izi zimathandizira kuyika ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a envelopu yomanga.OSB imagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga mipando.

Kupanga
Dongosolo la strand board amapangidwa mu mphasa zazikulu kuchokera m'mizere yopingasa ya timitengo tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono ting'onoting'ono tomangika pamodzi ndi sera ndi zomatira za utomoni.

Mitundu yomatira ya resins yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi: urea-formaldehyde (OSB mtundu 1, nonstructural, nonwaterproof);guluu wa isocyanate (kapena PMDI poly-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate based) m'madera amkati okhala ndi melamine-urea-formaldehyde kapena phenol formaldehyde resin glues pamtunda (OSB mtundu 2, structural, madzi osamva pamaso);phenol formaldehyde resin monse (OSB mitundu 3 ndi 4, structural, ntchito yonyowa ndi kunja chilengedwe).[4]

Zigawozo zimapangidwa podula nkhunizo kuti zikhale zomangira, zomwe zimasefa ndikuziika pa lamba kapena mawaya.Makasi amapangidwa mu mzere wopangira.Zingwe zamatabwa pazigawo zakunja zimayenderana ndi nsonga yamphamvu ya gululo, pomwe zigawo zamkati ndi perpendicular.Chiwerengero cha zigawo zomwe zimayikidwa zimatsimikiziridwa pang'ono ndi makulidwe a gululo, koma zimachepetsedwa ndi zipangizo zomwe zimayikidwa pamalo opangira.Magawo amodzi amathanso kusiyanasiyana mu makulidwe kuti apereke makulidwe osiyanasiyana omalizidwa (nthawi zambiri, 15 cm (5.9 mu) wosanjikiza amatulutsa makulidwe a 15 mm (0.59 mu)[zofunikira]).Chovalacho chimayikidwa mu makina osindikizira otentha kuti aphimbe ma flakes ndi kuwamanga ndi kuyambitsa kutentha ndi kuchiritsa utomoni womwe wakutidwa pa flakes.Kenako mapanelo amodzi amadulidwa kuchokera pamphasa kukhala zazikulu zomalizidwa.Ma OSB ambiri padziko lapansi amapangidwa ku United States ndi Canada m'malo akuluakulu opanga zinthu.

Zogwirizana nazo
Zida zina kupatula nkhuni zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zofanana ndi OSB.Oriented structural udzu bolodi ndi injiniya bolodi wopangidwa ndi kugawanika udzu ndi kupangidwa powonjezera P-MDI zomatira ndiyeno otentha kukanikiza zigawo za udzu mu orients enieni.[5]Strand board imathanso kupangidwa kuchokera ku bagasse.

Kupanga
Mu 2005, zinthu zopangidwa ku Canada zinali 10,500,000 m2 (113,000,000 sq ft) (3⁄8 mkati kapena 9.53 mm maziko) ndipo 8,780,000 m2 (94,500,000 sq ft) (3⁄8, pafupifupi 9.9 mm) ku United States anatumizidwa kunja. [6]Mu 2014, Romania idakhala dziko lalikulu kwambiri la OSB ku Europe, pomwe 28% yazogulitsa zimapita ku Russia ndi 16% kupita ku Ukraine.

Katundu
Zosintha pamapangidwe opanga zimatha kukhudza makulidwe, kukula kwa gulu, mphamvu, komanso kukhazikika.Mapanelo a OSB alibe mipata yamkati kapena voids, ndipo amatha kusamva madzi, ngakhale amafunikira ma membrane owonjezera kuti asalowe m'madzi ndipo samalimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito kunja.Chomalizidwacho chili ndi zinthu zofanana ndi plywood, koma ndi yunifolomu komanso yotsika mtengo. [8]Ikayesedwa kuti yalephera, OSB imakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zonyamula katundu kuposa mapanelo amatabwa ogayidwa.[9]Yalowa m'malo mwa plywood m'malo ambiri, makamaka msika wamapangidwe aku North America.

Ngakhale OSB ilibe njere yosalekeza ngati nkhuni yachilengedwe, ili ndi nkhwangwa yomwe mphamvu yake ndi yayikulu.Izi zitha kuwoneka poyang'ana momwe tchipisi tamatabwa tambirimbiri timayendera.

Mapanelo onse opangidwa ndi matabwa amatha kudulidwa ndikuyika ndi zida zamitundu yofanana ndi matabwa olimba.

Thanzi ndi chitetezo
Ma resins omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga OSB adadzutsa mafunso okhudzana ndi kuthekera kwa OSB kutulutsa zinthu zosasinthika monga formaldehyde.Urea-formaldehyde ndiyowopsa kwambiri ndipo iyenera kupewedwa mukamagwiritsa ntchito kunyumba.Mankhwala a phenol-formaldehyde amaonedwa kuti alibe zoopsa.Mitundu ina yatsopano ya OSB, yomwe imatchedwa "m'badwo watsopano" OSB mapanelo, amagwiritsa ntchito utomoni wa isocyanate womwe ulibe formaldehyde ndipo umawonedwa ngati wosasunthika ukachiritsidwa.[10]Magulu a zamalonda amakampani amanena kuti mpweya wa formaldehyde wochokera ku North America OSB ndi "wopanda ntchito kapena kulibe".[11]

Opanga ena amapangira tchipisi ta nkhuni ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana a borate omwe ndi oopsa ku chiswe, kafadala obowola nkhuni, nkhungu, ndi mafangasi, koma osati nyama zoyamwitsa zomwe zimayikidwa.

Mitundu
Magiredi asanu a OSB amafotokozedwa mu EN 300 malinga ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso kukana chinyezi:[2]

OSB/0 - Palibe formaldehyde yowonjezeredwa
OSB/1 - matabwa ndi matabwa opangira zinthu zamkati (kuphatikiza mipando) kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pakauma
OSB/2 - Ma board onyamula katundu kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pakauma
OSB/3 - Ma board onyamula katundu kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo achinyezi
OSB/4 - Ma board onyamula katundu wolemetsa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo achinyezi